雅思考试随着《剑13》的出版又步入了一个新的阶段，但面对雅思大作文，学生们总是有说不出的忧愁，比如“我到底应该写几段？”成为了课堂讨论的问题。

　　今天，北京环球教育陈梦洁老师在这里给大家介绍两种雅思考官们常用的段落结构：即4段式和5段式。

　　一、4段式

　　这种文体结构如下：

　　4段论结构中的第二段和第三段内容可以互换，即可以先写让步段，再写支持观点段落。这种结构适合在短时间内可以想到很多观点，但不擅长展开论证的学生使用。在官方给出的范文中，C5T2的task2就是一个很好的例子。

　　题目：

　　In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people to do this.

　　范文：

　　It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school. This trend is not restricted to rich students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer students who choose to work and become economically independent for a period of time.

　　The reasons for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or traveling to other places have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on. They tend to be more independent, which is a very important factor in academic study and research, as well as giving them an advantage in terms of coping with the challenges of student life.

　　However, there are certainly dangers in taking time off at that important age. Young adults may end up never returning to their studies or finding it difficult to readapt to an academic environment. They may think that it is better to continue in a particular job, or to do something completely different from a university course. But overall, I think this is less likely today, when academic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable career.

　　My view is that young people should be encouraged to broaden their horizons. That is the best way for them to get a clear perspective of what they are hoping to do with their lives and why. Students with such a perspective are usually the most effective and motivated ones and taking a year off may be the best way to gain this.

　　二、5段式

　　这种文体的结构如下：

　　5段式中也可以把让步段写在第二段，第三段和第四段写支持观点的分论点。这种结构适合想不出太多观点，但能够对1个或两个观点进行深入论证的同学。这样的结构在官方范文里同样可以找到很多例子，如C9T3的task2。

　　题目：

　　Some people say that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Others, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are required.

　　Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

　　范文：

　　A problem of modern societies is the declining level of health in the general population, with conflicting views on how to tackle this worrying trend. One possible solution is to provide more sports facilities to encourage a more active lifestyle.

　　Advocates of this believe that today's sedentary lifestyle and stressful working conditions mean that physical activity is no longer part of either our work or our leisure time. If there were easy-to-reach local sports centres, we would be more likely to make exercise a regular part of our lives, rather than just collapsing in front of a screen every evening, The variety of sports that could be offered would cater for all ages, levels of fitness and interests: those with painful memories of PE at school might be happier in the swimming pool than on the football pitch.

　　However, there may be better ways of tackling this problem. Interest in sport is not universal, and additional facilities might simply attract the already fit, not those who most need them. Physical activity could be encouraged relatively cheaply, for example by installing exercise equipment in parks, as my local council has done. This has the added benefit that parents and children often use them together just for fun, which develops a positive attitude to exercise at an early age.

　　As well as physical activity, high tax penalties could be imposed on high-fat food products, tobacco and alcohol, as excessive consumption of any of these contributes to poor health. Even improving public transport would help it takes longer to walk to the bus stop than to the car.

　　In my opinion, focusing on sports facilities is too narrow an approach and would not have the desired results. People should be encouraged not only to be more physically active but also to adopt a healthier lifestyle in general.

　　以上给大家介绍的两种大作文结构本质上没有高低之分，采取哪种写法主要根据学生自身的情况而定。当然，在掌握结构的同时，学生也应该通过多加练习来提升自己的写作能力。